Introduction to transistors types, baising modes and advantages. Bipolar power transistor selection guide january 2003 table of contents product page general purpose transistors horizontal deflection output transistors product page dpak d2pak sot223 ipak to126 todarlington transistors dpak ipak to126 to220 to220f to3p to3pf switching transistors dpak d2pak to92 to126 to220 to220f to3p to3pf 2. The data sheet is very important for every engineers and technicians because it can help them to find the nearest replacement for the components that they are. Earlier, the critical and important component of an electronic device was a vacuum tube. Directions for determining the thermal resistance rths for cooling fins can be found on page 11. Cross reference electronic circuits, tv schematics, audio. Semiconductor transistor, diode, ic cross reference. Wikipedia books can also be tagged by the banners of any relevant wikiprojects with classbook. So called equivalent parts, or nte replacements, may not work at all in some cases, because they were worse in some spec, or the circuit was designed with the assumptions that the part had a fairly low bandwidth. Bipolar power transistor selection guide january 2003 table of contents product page general purpose transistors horizontal deflection output transistors product page dpak d2pak sot223 ipak to126 todarlington transistors dpak ipak to126 to220 to220f to3p to3pf switching transistors dpak d2pak to92 to126. It is shown as a diode for the be pn junction and a current source for the ce junction. Understanding transistor replacement, substitution and. See all 2 formats and editions hide other formats and editions. The three terminals of fet are the source, gate, and drain.
First book of transistor equivalents american radio history. The importance of transistor cross reference, datasheet, equivalent and specification. Nos new old stock mixed unbranded or yet to be confirmed manufacturer. General purpose audio general purpose audio adi 40 ad142 ad149 ad150 ad161 pg pg pg pg ng. Ad149 datasheet, equivalent, cross reference search. Invention of transistor was done by great american scientist mr. Ic cross reference cross reference ci stk cross reference ci tda cross reference ci sharp cross reference hitachi audio ic cross reference and circuit applications smd cross reference and equivalent we make every effort to ensure that the material on this site is accurate, however we do not warrant or represent that the information is free. Transistor codes surface mount, pnp, npn, choosing. We can find the equivalent number of any transistor from equivalent book or. At the maximum voltage, also called a breakdown voltage bv, electrons. Check our section of free ebooks and guides on transistor circuits now. Searching the right transistor for substitution is a skill, if you replace wrong specifications of transistor into the equipment. The symbol of the transistor has an arrow on the emitter.
Ad149 datasheet pnp transistor, ad149 pdf, ad149 pinout, equivalent, replacement, ad149 schematic, ad149 manual, data. For an nchannel fet, the device is constructed from ntype material. Is there any webbased or stand alone program to do such service for transistors and ics. Jun 25, 2018 smd devices are, by their very nature, too small to carry conventional semiconductor type numbers.
Aug 25, 2011 crossreferences are not magic, understanding of the circuit and a parametric search of the important parameters is much more reliable. You can always remember that the arrow points at the n material. Dont go for a transistor with a much higher ft as this may increase the risk of oscillation. Principles of transistor circuits is a very good book, but this 2003 print of the ninth edition suffers badly from being digitised as the illustrations are almost illegible. The original transistor might need special ordering, or be discontinued and unavailable. Figure 5b shows an amplifier connection of the ota, the equivalent of a commonemitter transistor, transistor. Due to the high gain characteristic the transistor will switch on with just ib100a. Free transistor circuits books download ebooks online. Transistor reference software, compiled so the user can substitute transistors that perform the same, despite their different part numbers. World transistor equivalents data az by eca author 4. Transistor equivalent book pdf free download by corfikome.
Substitute with the correct part number, the equipment will work for a long time and sometimes the substitute transistor will even work better than the original part number. Wikipedia books are maintained by the wikipedia community, particularly wikiproject wikipedia books. If the transistor is a pnp, then the arrow points to the base of the transistor, otherwise it points to the output. All electronic repairers should know how to read the transistor cross reference equivalent book if they want to succeed in electronic repairs. Ad1495 datasheet, equivalent, cross reference search. With out knowing what and ware your are using it, you should choose a similar part. Select a replacement transistor with equivalent ft. Book this book does not require a rating on the quality scale. Transistor cross reference, equivalent and specification is very important for every electronic repairer the importance of transistor cross reference, datasheet, equivalent and specification. Buy international transistor equivalents guide bernard babani publishing radio and electronics books by michaels, adrian isbn. In pure condition semiconductor is generally non conductor. The vacuum tubes worked but they are bulky, require higher operating voltages, high power consumption, yield lower efficiency, and cathode electronemitting materials are used up in operation.
Sn76477 2n4401 free transistor equivalent book semiconductor data handbook. Knowing how to substitute an alternate transistor type can speed up your. Ad149 germanium pnp transistor components datasheet pdf data sheet free from datasheet. If you install the wrong polarity, the sandwich wont work. Crosses are made according to maximum ratings and electrical characteristics, approximately. It transistor is totally an electronic device which is generally made of semiconductor materials germanium or silicon. Allieds handbook of transistor fundamentals author. I just entered transistor without quotes in the search box at the top level, then clicked on transistors bjt single,797 items and it took me to the transistor search page above. The initial 2n identifies the part as a transistor and the rest of the code identifies the particular transistor. Most projects will specify a particular transistor, but if necessary you can usually substitute. Cross reference universal transistor reference page 1. Calculating the operating dc or quiescent point of a common emitter amplifier if we have a working circuit. I during 80s and 90s, i used to search for components equivalents in books.
This is a pdf format of the well known hardware pinout book, which covers various computer, electrical and electronic item pinouts. Everyday low prices and free delivery on eligible orders. International transistor equivalents guide bernard babani. The links at left may help you to research your own replacement transistors. Transistor equivalents for the substitution of modern transistors in elderly projects. Choosing transistor replacements electronics notes. Understanding transistor cross reference, equivalent. This page contains list of freely available ebooks, online textbooks and tutorials in transistor circuits.
More time is spent figuring out which one to replace and, sometimes, what to replace it with. Once upon a time, long ago, british and european transistors were commonly. The basic nchannel and pchannel fets are shown above. It is necessary to ensure that the replacement transistor will be able to operate at the relevant frequencies, so a similar or slightly higher ft is advisable. Ad1494 datasheet, equivalent, cross reference search. A substitute transistor must have the same polarity, either pnp or npn, as the original. Crossreferences are not magic, understanding of the circuit and a parametric search of the important parameters is much more reliable. Free transistor circuits books download ebooks online textbooks. The next most important parameter is possible ft the effective maximum operating frequency although the transistor is of no use at that frequency. The fieldeffect transistor is a unipolar transistor, nchannel fet or pchannel fet are used for conduction.
It provides many functions, one of which is the standardisation of semiconductor, and in this case, diode, bipolar transistor and field effect transistor part numbering. Is there anything available to see if a particular transistor can be replaced with a different one. Bc108c, bipolar, bjt transistor, general purpose, npn, 25 v, 150. Transistor substitution desoldering and replacing a transistor takes very little time. Smallsignal transistors replacement list bc86816 bc868, bc86825 equivalent type bc876 bc878 bc880 bc878 equivalent type bc877 bc879 bcf29 bc857 bcf30 bc857b bcf33 bc847b bcf81 bc847c bcp5110 bcp5310 bcp5210 bcp5310 bcp52 bcp53 bcp5410 bcp5510 bcp6810 bcp68, bcp6825 bcp6816 bcp68, bcp6825. Transistor uses, transistor rules, common emitter circuit, small signal amplification, fieldeffect transistors, jfet operating regions.
Jun 19, 2019 ad149 datasheet pnp transistor, ad149 pdf, ad149 pinout, equivalent, replacement, ad149 schematic, ad149 manual, data. The earliest origins of jedec can be traced back to 1924 when the radio manufacturers association was established many years later this became the electronic industries. Semiconductor cross reference book paperback july, 1996. Texas instruments transistor and diode databook 1st ed 1973 datasheets for diodes from 1n251 on and transistors from 2n117 on acrobat 7 pdf 34. Semiconductortransistor crossreference list peavey. Driver for relay high gain transistor used to drive 20ma led. There are books galore on this but surely someone knows of a site that has them listed and searchable my query is a simple one i have no 2n5551 transistors on hand and i want to see if one in my box will do the job. This is a wikipedia book, a collection of articles which can be downloaded electronically or ordered in print. Ptot for the ad149 and ad161 ad162 assume they are mounted on a. Sn76477 2n4401 free transistor equivalent book semiconductor data handbook mj802 2n3866 s2p tis43 bc149c xr2206 application notes lm1 siemens transistor manual text.
Modem line interface q2 q1 t1 smtpa270 the mmbta42 92 withstand breakdown voltages of up to 300v. I keep looking for equivalent transistors, and sometimes find a website that gives a list equivalent transistor. Introduction to transistors types, baising modes and. Due to the high gain characteristic the transistor will switch on with just ib300a. Tube ad 149 or rohre ad149 id33998, transistor, special tubebase in general and poweroutput shown. Basic semiconductor physics, diodes, the nonlinear diode model, load line analysis, large signal diode models, offset diode model, transistors, large signal bjt model, load line analysis, small signal model and transistor amplification. Nte is a company that specializes in cross referenced parts. After the invention of transistor there is a treat revolution in electronics field.
If a mica insulation is used, the thermal resistance of the mica washer must be added, which amounts to about 0. Should you find any info that can fill in any of the blanks in the matrix below. Diodes and transistors pdf 28p this note covers the following topics. On means current is flowing through the transistor therefore vbe. Apr 05, 2008 i during 80s and 90s, i used to search for components equivalents in books. Instead, a somewhat arbitrary coding system has grown up, where the device package carries a simple two or threecharacter id code. Small signal transistors industry standard st nearest st. Another point to watch is that equivalent books list the af239s as a. If you need one, i would recommend that you buy one of the previous editions from 2000 or earlier i ended up buying a copy of the eighth edition from 1998, and the. Since the distribution of heat in the transistor crystal is not uniform and depends on voltage and.
Ad149 4 transistor datasheet pdf, ad149 4 equivalent. The external resistors set an operating bias on the base to the transistor and limit current from the ac signal. If more than a maximum voltage rating is applied to a transistor, it can be permanently damaged. Transistor equivalents for the substitution of modern.